Infectious diseases remain a significant global health burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Diseases like tuberculosis, malaria, HIV/AIDS, and emerging infections such as COVID-19 pose ongoing challenges to public health. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3.3) focus on ending epidemics of major infectious diseases by improving prevention, treatment, and access to healthcare. Strengthening surveillance, vaccination programs, and sanitation measures is crucial in reducing the impact of infectious diseases and achieving global health security.